The Checklist of Nonverbal Pain Indicators (CNPI): testing of reliability and validity in Norwegian nursing homes.

نویسندگان

  • Harald A Nygaard
  • Marit Jarland
چکیده

79 disease: Cochrane systemic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2003; 326: 185. 21. Morietti M, Cilione C, Tampieri A et al. Incidence and causes of non-invasive mechanical ventilation failure after initial success. Thorax 2000; 55: 819–25. 22. Nunn JF, Milledge JS, Singaraya J. Survival of patients ventilated in an intensive therapy unit. BMJ 1979; 1: 1525–7. 23. Witek TJ Jr, Schachter EN, Dean NL, Beck GJ. Mechanically assisted ventilation in a community hospital. Immediate outcome, hospital charges, and follow up of patients. Arch Intern Med 1985; 145: 235–9. 24. Steiner T, Mendoza G, De Georgia M et al. Prognosis of stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation in a neurological critical care unit. Stroke 1997; 28: 711–5. 25. Zilerberg, Epstein SK. Acute lung injury in the medical ICU; comorbid conditions, age, etiology and hospital outcome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157 (4 Pt 1): 1159–64. 26. McLean RF, McIntosh JD, Kung GY et al. Outcome of respiratory intensive care for the elderly. Crit Care Med 1985; 145: 235–9. 27. Ely EW, Evans GW, Haponik EF. Mechanical ventilation in a cohort of elderly patients admitted to an intensive care unit. Ann Intern Med 1999; 131: 96–104. 28. Hamel MB, Philips RS, Teno JM et al. Seriously ill hospitalized adults; do we spend less on older patients? SUPPORT Investigators. Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatment. J Am Geriatr Soc 1996; 44: 1043–8. 29. Hakim RB, Teno JM, Harrell FE Jr et al. Factors associated with do-not-resuscitate orders: patients’ preferences, prognoses, and judgments. SUPPORT Investigators. Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcome and risks of Treatment. Ann Intern Med 1996; 125: 284–93.

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • Age and ageing

دوره 35 1  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2006